這篇筆記： 博物館與藝術、全球化與食物文化的核心搭配詞，再拆解我博物館免費（7 分）和超市進口食物（7.5 分）兩篇作文的原始段落。
文化與藝術｜共 3 篇
- 1. 常考題目與 8 條論點
- 2. 核心詞彙與實戰段落（你正在讀）
- 3. 示範、錯誤與練習題
✦ 這篇筆記帶你看
三、核心詞彙與搭配詞
右欄是我作文裡的原句，保留原本的寫法；括號裡是比較自然的改法。
博物館與藝術
| 搭配詞 | 中文 | Ting 原文例句（出處） |
|---|---|---|
| offer free admission / free entry | 提供免費入場 | Whether museums and art galleries should offer free entrance or not…（Task 21；free admission 比 free entrance 常見） |
| engage in / with art | 接觸藝術 | it motivates people to engage in art（Task 21） |
| increase the number of visitors | 增加參觀人數 | the authorities can successfully increase the number of visitors（Task 21） |
| achieve sustainable development | 達到永續發展 | thereby achieving sustain development in related industries（Task 21；sustainable development） |
| decrease the revenue of… | 減少…的收入 | one of which is that it decreases the revenue of the museums（Task 21；reduces museums’ revenue） |
| cover maintenance costs | 負擔維護成本 | expenditure likes the salary of facilities and maintenance cost is undoubtedly high（Task 21；expenses such as staff salaries and maintenance costs are high） |
| allocate budget to… | 分配預算給… | it is recommended that the government allocate some budget to support museums（Task 21） |
全球化與食物文化
| 搭配詞 | 中文 | Ting 原文例句（出處） |
|---|---|---|
| long-distance international shipment | 長途國際運輸 | domestic goods, which are not necessary for long-distance international shipment（Task 39；do not require long-distance shipping） |
| be released into the atmosphere | 排放到大氣中 | greenhouse gas likes carbon dioxide will release into the atmosphere（Task 39；greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere） |
| an environmentally unfriendly behaviour | 不環保的行為 | purchasing foreign food or products is an environmentally unfriendly behavior（Task 39） |
| hinder the development of the local economy | 阻礙本地經濟發展 | exotic products always post a threat to domestic food, hindering the development of local economy（Task 39；pose a threat to domestic producers） |
| lower the revenue of local producers | 降低本地業者收入 | importing food from other countries sometimes lower the revenue of local manufacturers（Task 39；lowers；農產品用 producers 或 farmers） |
| cultural diversity / cultural exchange | 文化多樣性／文化交流 | （示範）Cultural exchange helps people appreciate different ways of life. |
| cultural homogenisation | 文化同質化 | （示範）Globalisation may lead to cultural homogenisation, as cities around the world look increasingly alike. |
| preserve traditional customs | 保存傳統習俗 | （示範）Tourism revenue can be used to preserve traditional customs and festivals. |
四、Ting 的實戰段落拆解
以下段落都是送出批改的原始版本，一字未改。
4-1 Task 21：博物館免費入場（Outweigh）
題目大意：有些博物館、美術館收門票，有些免費，免費入場的優點是否大於缺點？我認為優點大於缺點。下面是第一個主體段，以及讓步段。
The main benefit of free entrance is that it motivates people to engage in art, since it enables more people to visit those places for free. To put it another way, by implementing the policy of free ticket, the authorities can successfully increase the number of visitors, further making the public stress the importance of art, culture, and history. In this situation, the importance of art in the society will not be ignored, thereby achieving sustain development in related industries.
邏輯鏈是完整的，但太抽象。免費 → 參觀人數增加 → 大眾重視藝術 → 相關產業永續發展，推理沒有斷掉。問題是整段沒有任何具體的人、地點或場景，「the importance of art will not be ignored」「sustain development in related industries」都是很大的概念。考官讀完會相信你的推理，但不會被說服。這段如果加一個情境，例如「原本不會專程去的上班族、學生，因為免費而順路走進去」，就能把抽象的「增加參觀人數」變成看得見的畫面。
However, there are some downsides associated with free tickets, one of which is that it decreases the revenue of the museums. For instance, expenditure likes the salary of facilities and maintenance cost is undoubtedly high, if they unable to earn money from visitors, the museums authorities will encounter some difficulties to pay for their bill. In other words, there is no denying that offering free tickets results in financial burden of museums; therefore, money issue is one of the significant adverse effects of offering free entrance.
讓步段的功能有做到：Outweigh 題需要承認缺點，再在結論「秤重」。這篇的結論寫「動機和娛樂的好處，超過支付維護成本的困難」，還加上「建議政府撥預算支持博物館免費」，等於直接回應了讓步段提出的財務問題，這個收尾很聰明。
語言上的問題：the salary of facilities（設施的薪水？應為 staff salaries）、expenditure likes（such as）、if they unable（少了 are）、整句是逗點串句（comma splice），應該在 high 後面斷句。四項小分都是 7，代表內容、結構、語言都在「合格但不突出」的水準。想往上走，第一步就是把主體段一的抽象敘述換成具體情境。
4-2 Task 39：超市賣全世界的食物（Positive / Negative）
題目大意：在很多國家，消費者可以在超市買到世界各地生產的食物，這是好是壞？我認為是負面發展，第二個主體段寫「威脅本地產業」。
Another factor supporting my opinion is that exotic products always post a threat to domestic food, hindering the development of local economy. Since the demand of each product in a nation is limited, if an increasing number of foreign food imported, the competitiveness that local market needs to face will witness an upward trend simultaneously. For instance, rice from China, which is cheaper, has definitely threatened the industry in Taiwan since 1990. Due to the fact that Chinese labor and raw materials are far cheaper than that in Taiwan, Taiwanese factories lose the whole market share after Chinese rice has been imported. Hence, importing food from other countries sometimes lower the revenue of local manufacturers.
為什麼能拿到 TR 8、CC 8：這段的推理很紮實。「每種產品的需求有限」是一個前提，接著推出「進口越多，本地市場競爭越激烈」，再用「人工和原料便宜所以價格低」解釋為什麼本地業者輸，最後收在「本地業者收入下降」。開頭第一段就清楚表態負面，兩個主體段各一個論點、各自完整，這是 Positive / Negative 題的標準高分寫法。
要小心的地方：例子太絕對，而且難以查證。「中國米自 1990 年起威脅台灣產業」「台灣工廠失去整個市場」，這些具體年份和「全部市場」的說法，我當時並沒有查證；而且稻米是農產品，用 factories、manufacturers 也不太對，應該是 rice farmers 或 local producers。雅思評分重點不是查核事實，但過度絕對的說法（definitely、the whole market share）會讓論證看起來誇大。比較安全的寫法是改成假設情境：If cheaper rice were imported in large quantities, local farmers might struggle to compete。邏輯一樣，但不會被質疑。
語言：post a threat（pose）、demand of（demand for）、foreign food imported（少了 are）、lower 要加 s。這些都是我在主題單字（下）整理過的典型錯誤，內容到 8 分、語言卡在 7，就是我那段時間的常態。
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有些日子，明明練了很久，成績卻還停在原地。希望這篇筆記能讓你知道，備考路上遇到挫折並不孤單。一次次重聽的錄音、改過的作文、終於敢說出口的句子，都是你已經走過的路。
把這些經驗寫下來，是想陪下一個正在準備的人少繞一點路。你不必照著我的方法前進，只需要慢慢找到適合自己的節奏。累的時候可以休息，再回來做今天能完成的一小步。
願你最後帶走的，不只是成績單上的數字，還有更相信自己、敢往世界走近一點的勇氣。
— Ting
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