【雅思寫作|主題攻略】環境與能源(2/3):核心搭配詞與物種消失那篇 TR 8、CC 6 的段落拆解

雅思寫作主題攻略:環境與能源 第 2 篇封面
IELTS · 寫作攻略最後修訂 2026/11/09
IELTS 官方標誌
標誌來源:IELTS

這篇筆記: 環境題的搭配詞分兩組,大作文論點用的和從小作文借來的能源字彙;再拆解物種消失那篇為什麼 TR 8、Coherence 卻只有 6。

環境與能源|共 3 篇

  1. 1. 常考題目與正反論點庫
  2. 2. 搭配詞與物種消失拆解(你正在讀)
  3. 3. 小作文拆解、示範與練習
物種消失那篇 TR 8、CC 6:Coherence 只有 6 的三個原因、改寫關鍵,以及環境題搭配詞的兩組分類
一張圖看懂:列問題不等於比較,以及搭配詞的兩組分類

三、核心詞彙與搭配詞(含小作文能源字彙)

環境題的字分兩組:大作文論點用的,以及從小作文借來、寫能源題很好用的。下面附上我作文裡的原句。

大作文:環境論點

搭配詞我作文裡的原句(出處)更自然/升級寫法
pose a threat tothe extinction of species poses a threat to human life(物種消失)很自然,可以直接用
be responsible for pollinationBees, which are responsible for pollination, are good examples of this matter(物種消失)很自然;可在後面補一句「所以影響糧食」
hinder sustainable developmenthindering sustained development(物種消失)sustainable development(固定說法)
rising sea levels / extreme weatherrising sea levels, extreme climate, and the greenhouse effect(物種消失)extreme weather;greenhouse effect 是原因不是後果,不要和後果並列
daily necessitiespollution … threatens a wide range of daily necessities including food, land, water, and air(物種消失)land 和 air 不是「必需品」,改 threatens the food, water and air we depend on
release greenhouse gasesgreenhouse gas likes carbon dioxide will release into the atmosphere(全球食物)greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide are released
habitat loss(我沒在這篇用過,補充)urban expansion leads to habitat loss
fossil fuels / renewable energy(我沒在這篇用過,補充)phase out fossil fuels、invest in renewable energy

小作文借來的能源字彙

字彙我小作文裡的原句(出處)怎麼用在大作文
harvest / pre-processingafter being harvested, the harvested plants and trees are put into a specific machine for pre-processing stage(乙醇流程圖)寫生質燃料時描述生產過程
release carbon dioxideThree mode of transportation all lead to the release of carbon dioxide in the air(乙醇流程圖)Vehicles release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
by fuel source(題目用語)electricity production by fuel source(發電圓餅圖)Electricity generated from fossil fuel sources
increase its dominancein 2000, coal increased its dominance(發電圓餅圖)Coal still dominates electricity generation in many countries
witness a dramatic increasethe production from nuclear power witnessed a dramatic increase to 126 units(發電圓餅圖)Investment in solar power has increased dramatically

四、我的實戰段落拆解

以下段落是送出批改的原始版本,未修改;分析是我對照公開評分標準自己整理的。

拆解 1|物種消失(Cam14-2,Both views):TR 8,CC 6

OVERALL
7
TR
題目回應
8
CC
連貫與銜接
6
LR
詞彙運用
7
GRA
文法與準確
8

Other environmental problems get more attention due to several reasons. Primarily, global warming is so imperative that should not be ignored, since it definitely poses a threat to people’s lives. A wide range of unpleasant consequences, such as rising sea levels, extreme climate, and the greenhouse effect will happen because of global warming. Even though those issues will not influence individuals directly, they make the environment unsuitable for human beings, further lowering the quality of life. Furthermore, pollution is another hot issue, which threatens a wide range of daily necessities including food, land, water, and air. To be more specific, pollution can be harmful to not only the environment but also individuals, so its importance needs to be highlighted.

好在哪:立場從開頭就很清楚(其他環境問題更重要),兩個理由(全球暖化、污染)都切題,所以 Task Response 是 8。Grammar 也有 8,句型變化夠多。

為什麼 Coherence 只有 6:我的分析是三點。第一,主題句說「其他問題得到更多關注」,但題目問的是哪個更重要,主題句沒有對準。第二,第一個理由說暖化「威脅生命」,下一句又說「不會直接影響個人」,前後有點矛盾。第三,污染那個理由只有主張和換句話說,沒有例子,也沒有說明為什麼它比物種消失更重要。整段像是列出「還有哪些環境問題」,而不是在比較。

Others, including myself, argue that climate change is a more pressing problem. This is because it affects every part of the planet and is itself one of the main causes of species loss. As temperatures rise, many animals lose the habitats they depend on; the shrinking sea ice of the Arctic, for example, has left polar bears with fewer places to hunt. In other words, tackling climate change would also help to protect endangered species, whereas the reverse is not necessarily true.

改寫後的關鍵是最後一句:直接說明為什麼暖化比物種消失更根本(處理暖化會連帶保護物種,反過來不一定)。這就是題目要的「比較」。

學姊提醒:這篇我當時在文末寫了一個問題給自己:結論最後一句的理由好像是主體段沒提過的新想法,這樣可以嗎?我現在的答案是不建議。結論的工作是收束,新理由要嘛放回主體段,要嘛刪掉。完整拆解在物種消失 7 分範文。

繼續讀 · 第 3 / 3 篇

小作文拆解、示範與練習 →

✦ Target Your Future

有些日子,明明練了很久,成績卻還停在原地。希望這篇筆記能讓你知道,備考路上遇到挫折並不孤單。一次次重聽的錄音、改過的作文、終於敢說出口的句子,都是你已經走過的路。

把這些經驗寫下來,是想陪下一個正在準備的人少繞一點路。你不必照著我的方法前進,只需要慢慢找到適合自己的節奏。累的時候可以休息,再回來做今天能完成的一小步。

願你最後帶走的,不只是成績單上的數字,還有更相信自己、敢往世界走近一點的勇氣。

— Ting

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