【雅思寫作|分數範文】Task 2 7 分範文:鄉村人口移往城市是好是壞?四項小分都是 7 的 Positive/Negative 寫法

雅思寫作封面:鄉村移往城市 四項都是 7
IELTS · 寫作攻略最後修訂 2026/11/09
IELTS 官方標誌
標誌來源:IELTS

這篇筆記:用我第一篇「四項小分全部 7」的大作文,拆解 Positive/Negative 題型的 7 分長什麼樣子,以及從 7 往 8 要補的地方。

鄉村人口移往城市是好是壞?(Task 2 範文)分數圖:TR 7、CC 7、LR 7、GRA 7、Overall 7,並附一句話總評
這篇的四項小分與總分一覽,以及一句話總評。

一、題目與寫作背景

項目 內容
出處 劍橋雅思 18 Test 4
題型 Positive or Negative development(好壞判斷題,需要表態)
寫作日期 2024/05/27
用時 16:20–16:58,約 38 分鐘
字數 306 字(我當時自己記的字數)
我的立場 負面發展(negative development)
學姊提醒:同一個現象,「被影響的人」通常不只一群。鄉村人口外移這題,鄉村和城市都受影響;如果你只想到「鄉下沒人」,第二個理由就很容易和第一個重複。寫大綱時先問自己:這件事影響了誰?各寫一段,主體段就自然分得開。

二、分數與英文原文(未修改)

OVERALL
7
TR
題目回應
7
CC
連貫與銜接
7
LR
詞彙運用
7
GRA
文法與準確
7

以下為送出批改的原始版本,未修改(2024/05/27,306 字)

It is true that the number of populations in the suburban areas is decreasing since more and more people have moved to cities recently. I firmly believe that this is a negative development, this is because it not only reduces the labor productivity in the countryside but also makes the quality of living in cities poorer.

Once people move to urban areas, labor productivity in the countryside will definitely decrease, further hindering the development of rural areas. In other words, since the labor productivity is one of the most significant factors when developing the countryside, it is harmful to the countryside if workers and populations keep moving out. For example, a wide range of construction plans in the countryside are not able to be built as a result of the lack of labor and workers; hence, the phenomenon of immigrating from the countryside to cities absolutely threatens the advancements in the countryside.

Moreover, the quality of living in urban areas decreases considerably if an increasing number of people immigrate to cities. To put it another way, when a lot of rural people move to cities, overcrowded population happens; consequently, the cost of living increases because of the scarcity of fundamental materials like housing and foods, which undoubtedly makes the quality of living drop. According to a study conducted by National Taiwan University, when the population in cities or metropolitans increased 10%, an increase of 10% expenditure on daily necessities happened simultaneously; therefore, the immigration detertorised the quality of living in cities.

In conclusion, based on the aforementioned, the phenomenon of people moving from the countryside to cities definitely poses a threat to the society. This is because it reduces the labor productivity as well as worsens the quality of living in cities, all of which hinders the whole community in achieving long-term success and happiness.

三、這篇為什麼拿到 7 分:四項逐一對照

鄉村人口移往城市是好是壞?這篇作文的結構拆解:開頭、主體一、主體二、結論各自的功能,以及每段做對的地方或主要問題
四段各做了什麼,以及每段最關鍵的做對或問題(英文為原文片段)。
評分項目 這篇的證據 為什麼是 7、不是 8
Task Response 7 開頭就寫 I firmly believe that this is a negative development,結論再重申一次;兩個主體段各一個理由。 立場清楚、有展開,但理由裡的推論有點鬆(例如把「人力不足」寫成「勞動生產力下降」),例子也偏一般。
Coherence & Cohesion 7 每段一個中心:第一段講鄉村、第二段講城市;段內有說明、舉例、小結。 連接詞用得對,但模式固定,「;hence,」「;consequently,」「;therefore,」幾乎每段都出現一次,略顯機械。
Lexical Resource 7 有 hindering the development、scarcity of、daily necessities、cost of living 等較好的搭配。 幾個用字不準:suburban 不等於鄉村、immigrate 是跨國移民、the number of populations 用法錯;也有拼字錯。
Grammatical Range & Accuracy 7 有條件句、原因子句、關係子句、分詞構句,句型有變化。 仍有一句逗號接兩個完整句子(comma splice)、幾個不自然的被動和時態,錯誤不嚴重但不算少。

Task Response:立場一致,是 7 分的底氣

Coherence & Cohesion:每段一個中心,但連接方式太固定

Lexical Resource:有好搭配,也有會被扣分的用字

Grammatical Range & Accuracy:句型夠多,錯誤也不少

小結:「平均型 7 分」代表什麼?

四、做對了什麼:四個值得照抄的習慣

做對的事 原文證據 為什麼有用
開頭兩句就交代立場+兩個理由 I firmly believe that this is a negative development … not only … but also … 閱卷者一讀就知道你要往哪裡寫,TR 的「立場清楚」直接拿到。
兩個理由從不同對象切入 第一段寫鄉村,第二段寫城市 兩段不會重疊,CC 的「每段一個中心」也自然成立。
每段都有主題句 Once people move to urban areas, labor productivity … will definitely decrease 讀者只看每段第一句,就能拼出整篇大綱。
結論用不同字重講一次 reduces … as well as worsens … 避免照抄開頭,同時讓立場前後一致。
學姊提醒:寫大綱時,在兩個理由旁邊各寫一個名詞當標籤,例如「鄉村」「城市」、「個人」「社會」、「經濟」「健康」。如果兩個標籤是同一類,例如「經濟」和「錢」,就代表理由重疊了,要換一個。

五、還沒到 8 分的地方:用字與文法清單

原文 問題 建議寫法
the number of populations in the suburban areas population 在這裡不可數;suburban 是市郊,不是鄉村 the population of rural areas / the number of people living in the countryside
this is a negative development, this is because 逗號連接兩個完整句子(comma splice) … a negative development because … 或改用句號
reduces the labor productivity 概念不準:外移造成的是人手不足,不是生產效率下降 deprives the countryside of its workforce / causes labour shortages
construction plans … are not able to be built plan 不會被「蓋」;被動不自然 many construction projects cannot go ahead
immigrating / immigrate to cities immigrate 通常指跨國移民 migrating / moving to cities
overcrowded population happens 主詞和動詞搭配不自然 cities become overcrowded / overcrowding occurs
housing and foods food 泛指食物時不可數 housing and food
cities or metropolitans metropolitan 是形容詞 cities or metropolitan areas
increased 10% 表示增加幅度要加 by increased by 10%
detertorised 拼字錯誤 deteriorated

用字重複:那些「加強語氣」的副詞

原文的強烈說法 比較穩的說法
will definitely decrease is likely to fall / tends to decline
absolutely threatens seriously threatens / poses a real threat to
undoubtedly makes the quality of living drop lowers the quality of life
definitely poses a threat poses a threat(直接刪掉副詞)

六、改寫示範:開頭與第一個主體段

改寫示範一:開頭段

【改寫示範】

It is true that more and more people are leaving the countryside for cities, and rural populations are shrinking as a result. In my view, this is largely a negative development, because it drains rural areas of the workers they need and puts extra pressure on cities that are already crowded.

  • 把 suburban areas 改成 the countryside / rural populations,地點用字對了。
  • 用 leaving the countryside for cities 轉述題目,避免照抄 rural people are moving to cities。
  • largely negative 留一點空間,表示我知道這件事也有好處,但整體是負面的;立場依然清楚。
  • 去掉 comma splice,用 because 直接接理由。

改寫示範二:第一個主體段

【改寫示範】

The first problem is that rural migration deprives the countryside of its workforce. Farming, local construction and basic services such as clinics all depend on people being physically present, and when young adults move away, these jobs are left to an ageing population. As a result, roads go unrepaired, fields are left uncultivated and new projects are postponed because contractors cannot find enough labourers. Over time, this creates a vicious circle: the fewer opportunities a village offers, the more residents decide to leave.

學姊提醒:要讓 TR 從 7 往 8 走,最有效的方法通常不是多寫一個理由,而是讓現有的理由多走一步:寫完「結果是什麼」之後,再寫「長期下來會怎樣」或「為什麼這很嚴重」。

七、可以直接帶走的結構與句型

Positive/Negative 題四段式結構

段落 要做的事 這篇的對應句
開頭 轉述題目+表明立場+預告兩個理由 It is true that … I firmly believe that this is a negative development …
主體一 理由一:主題句 → 解釋 → 例子 → 回扣立場 鄉村人手不足,發展停滯
主體二 理由二(換一個影響對象):同樣的四步 城市過度擁擠,生活成本上升
結論 重申立場+用不同字摘要兩個理由 … poses a threat to the society. This is because …

可以帶走的句型

It is true that … . In my view, this is largely a positive / negative development, because it not only … but also … .

Once …, … is likely to …, which in turn hinders … .

When …, … ; as a result, … .

Over time, this creates a vicious circle: the fewer …, the more … .

…, all of which prevents … from achieving long-term … .

城鄉題常用字(含這篇用錯的字)

想表達 建議用字 小心
鄉村 rural areas、the countryside(不可數,前面加 the) 不要寫 countrysides;suburban 是市郊
城市 cities、urban areas、metropolitan areas metropolitan 單獨用是形容詞
搬遷 migrate、move、relocate、rural-to-urban migration immigrate / emigrate 是跨國
人口減少 rural populations are shrinking / declining the number of populations 是錯的
人手不足 labour shortages、a shortage of workers 不要和 productivity 混用
生活成本 the cost of living、housing costs 不要寫 the life costing

常見問題

問題 我的看法
Positive/Negative 題可以只寫一邊嗎? 可以。題目問的是「你認為是好還是壞」,只寫一邊的理由完全合理;重點是立場要清楚而且前後一致。如果想顯得更成熟,可以在開頭用 largely、on the whole,或在某一段用一句話承認另一面,再說明為什麼你仍然這樣認為。
可以兩邊各寫一段嗎? 也可以,但結論一定要說哪一邊比較重,否則會變成沒回答問題。兩邊各一段的寫法比較接近 Outweigh 題,篇幅控制上也比較難。
一定要舉數據或研究嗎? 不用。具體的日常例子(通勤時間、房租、某種工作找不到人)就足夠,而且比不確定的數據安全。
開頭要寫背景句嗎? 我的習慣是一句轉述題目、一句立場,兩句就好。時間有限時,開頭寫短一點,把字數留給主體段的解釋和例子。

八、自我檢查清單與練習

✦ 寫完 Positive/Negative 題後的自我檢查

  • ☐ 開頭有沒有一句清楚的立場句(positive / negative / largely …)?
  • ☐ 結論的立場和開頭一樣嗎?有沒有用不同的字重講?
  • ☐ 兩個主體段的「標籤」是不是不同類(例如鄉村/城市、個人/社會)?
  • ☐ 每個主體段第一句是不是主題句?只看第一句能不能看懂整段?
  • ☐ 理由寫完之後,有沒有再多走一步(長期影響、為什麼嚴重)?
  • ☐ 引用的數字或研究,是自己確定的嗎?不確定就改成一般性的描述。
  • ☐ 「;hence,」「;therefore,」這類接法,一段是不是超過一次?
  • ☐ 有沒有逗號直接接兩個完整句子?
  • ☐ population、food、the countryside 這些可數/不可數有沒有用對?
  • ☐ definitely、undoubtedly、absolutely 是不是用太多?

練習一:改錯

  1. It is true that the number of populations in the suburban areas is decreasing.
  2. I firmly believe that this is a negative development, this is because it not only reduces …
  3. A wide range of construction plans in the countryside are not able to be built.
  4. When a lot of rural people move to cities, overcrowded population happens.
  5. When the population in cities or metropolitans increased 10%, …
參考答案:1. It is true that rural populations are decreasing. 2. … a negative development because it not only reduces … 3. Many construction projects in the countryside cannot go ahead. 4. … cities become overcrowded. 5. When the population in cities or metropolitan areas increased by 10%, …

練習二:換一邊寫

練習三:限時重寫


延伸閱讀

✦ Target Your Future

有些日子,明明練了很久,成績卻還停在原地。希望這篇筆記能讓你知道,備考路上遇到挫折並不孤單。一次次重聽的錄音、改過的作文、終於敢說出口的句子,都是你已經走過的路。

把這些經驗寫下來,是想陪下一個正在準備的人少繞一點路。你不必照著我的方法前進,只需要慢慢找到適合自己的節奏。累的時候可以休息,再回來做今天能完成的一小步。

願你最後帶走的,不只是成績單上的數字,還有更相信自己、敢往世界走近一點的勇氣。

— Ting

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